North American and European Airline Industry Essay -- Business Managem

North American and European Airline Industry INTRODUCTION The Airline industry is one of the world’s largest industries generating over $300 billion in revenues in 2001 alone and additionally has the second highest industrial growth rate, after the computer industry, with typical growth rates of 3-5% per annum over the last 20 years (Humphreys, 2003; BA Fact book, 2002). For the purpose of this assignment, freight/cargo airline activities will not be considered as freight travel consists of only 2 % of total airline activity (see figure 3.1 and appendix 1) (BA Fact book, 2002, ICAO, 2003). Furthermore, due to the nature of the airline industry and the Asian market being a lot smaller and internally focused, we will concentrate on the North American and European markets which between them, account for 65% of the market (see figure 3.1 and appendix 1) (ICAO, 2003). Section 1:The main forces shaping the airline sector’s global business environment. The past two years has seen an unprecedented number of airlines, worldwide, filing for bankruptcy and many more would have followed suit had it not been for government intervention (Economist, 2002a). The main factors leading to their demise and to the problems currently faced by the airline industry in general, have their roots in the existing economic and political climate, which according to IATA (2002) continue to remain challenging. 1.1 Economic Forces facing the airline industry Since the performance/profitability of the airline industry is closely connected to the economic cycle (BA Fact Book, 2002), the importance of the global economic environment and the impact that it has on the industry cannot be underestimated (see figure 1.1). This is evident from the performance of the industry during the late 1990’s as profitability soared on the back of a buoyant world economy (characterised by the hype generated by the technological revolution; record levels of corporate activity etc) which fuelled demand for air travel. It is not surprising that the subsequent slump in air travel which began in the USA towards the end of 2000 and slowly spread to other parts of the world (Economist, 2001), corresponded to a change in the economic forces as the knock on effects of the US economic slowdown infiltrated the global economy. One of the main consequences of the g... ... flights and the introduction of ‘World Traveller Plus’ – a new business and economy product. These two markets of business and economy are perceived to be the most demanding and profitable in the future and therefore BA have additionally positioned itself well to take advantage of these developments (Economist, 2002b; BA Fact book, 2002). Therefore, the penetration and consolidation of markets, cost management and refocusing of culture and infrastructure assisted by the collaboration available within its OneWorld Alliance are placing BA in a healthier position to survive the turbulence that lies ahead. FINAL THOUGHTS The future of BA and that of many other airlines is going to depend on the highly volatile political and economic situation facing the world as seen in section 1. War in Iraq is creating an increased sense of panic in the world’s industries and therefore, an accurate forecast as to the airline industry development is somewhat convoluted and complex due to the overwhelming sense of uncertainty that prevails. Therefore, BA’s future positioning and its subsequent success within this sector is going to be decidedly susceptible to the worlds events.

The Advantages of City Life

Some people prefer to live in a small town. Others prefer to live in a big city. Which place would you prefer to live in? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer. The Advantages of City Life There are undeniable advantages to both life in a big city and in a small town. The former offers more excitement and convenience while the latter offers a cleaner, quieter and often friendlier place to live.However, despite the advantages of small town life, I prefer to live in a big city for several reasons. First, life in the city is more convenient. More goods are available and stores are open later. Also, there is better public transportation so it is easier to get around. I can find almost anything I want easily in the city. Second, there are more ways to spend leisure time in the city. There are many places I can go to meet friends and have fun.Finally, and most importantly, the city offers more educational and career opportunities. The city often attracts the best teach ers and the best companies. There is also a wider choice of jobs so it is easier to move up the career ladder. For all of these reasons, I prefer to live in the city. Although I sometimes miss the fresh air and quiet life of a small town, nothing can make up for the opportunities that the city offers me. If one wants to be successful, I believe the best place to live is the city. The Advantages of City Life The Advantages Of City Life Some people prefer to live in a small town. Others prefer to live in a big city. Which place would you prefer to live in? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer. The Advantages of City Life There are undeniable advantages to both life in a big city and in a small town. The former offers more excitement and convenience while the latter offers a cleaner, quieter and often friendlier place to live. However, despite the advantages of small town life, I prefer to live in a big city for several reasons. First, life in the city is more convenient. More goods are available and stores are open later. Also, there is better public transportation so it is easier to get around. I can find almost anything I want easily in the city. Second, there are more ways to spend leisure time in the city. There are many places I can go to meet friends and have fun. Finally, and most importantly, the city offers more educational and career opportunities. The city often attracts the best teachers and the best companies. There is also a wider choice of jobs so it is easier to move up the career ladder. For all of these reasons, I prefer to live in the city. Although I sometimes miss the fresh air and quiet life of a small town, nothing can make up for the opportunities that City LifeAs the famous saying goes â€Å"Grass is always greener on the other side†. People who live in the countryside might long to live in the city and those in the city may long for the peace and quiet of countryside life. However, countryside life and city life have several differences which may attract one person or repel another. Let us see some of these differences. Firstly, â€Å"The first wealth is health†, an elderly person might find life in the city to be better in the long run as there is better access to health care facilities and quick availability of round the clock emergency services. However, the kind of health care available in the city is not accessible to someone living in the countryside, as the countryside might have only a local clinic with a rural nurse available, sometimes even a doctor might not be available in the clinic. To add on to that the clinics are not equipped with the supplies necessary for an emergency, sometimes even basic medication becomes out of stock Cities are normally very crowded places as compared to countryside. In the city, you might not have the privacy that you wish for. You would not be able to go outside without bumping into people. You have 10 people living in a small one room kitchen and buildings just as far away as 5 feet. This however is a total different case in the countryside. You might walk for miles without encountering anyone and your nearest neighbor would live miles away. The population of the entire countryside may not be more than a few hundred. Due to high populations and great amount of disposable income, almost everyone in the city has one vehicle or the other. These vehicles, in addition to other sources of pollution, add on to the already worsening atmosphere. On the other hand in the countryside’s due to the absences of a large number of vehicles and other sources of pollution, you have abundance of fresh air and a very calm, clean and serene climatic conditions which are good for our†¦

Essay about Mother Courage and Her Children - 1589 Words

Mother Courage and her Children, by Bertolt Brecht, is a play which can be seen from varying perspectives. Some consider it to be a comment on the socio-economic aspects of war, others as a criticism of bourgeois capitalism intended to encourage change in modern society. The somewhat tragic events of the play enable critics to consider it a tragedy, but one which, to some extent, diverges from the Aristotelian definition. Aristotle believed that tragedy must revolve around a central character: the tragic hero, on whom the plot focuses and who exhibits certain characteristics, which leads to his, though in this particular case, her, downfall. The role of such a figure is pivotal to the presentation of a play as a tragedy; yet it†¦show more content†¦Alternatively, this contrast could be interpreted as an indication that Mother Courage is morally neither all good nor all bad, a quality which Aristotle states as necessary in a tragic hero. Her intention of and attempt at provid ing for and protecting her family by her existence as a hyena of the battlefield is essentially good, yet it is in fact this very existence which brings about the deaths of her children and her own downfall. According to Aristotle, the audience must witness the tragic hero undeservedly suffer great misfortune. Although the audience disapproves of Mother Courage and her attitudes, we are not presented with a feasible alternative. She is forced into living as a parasite of war by her socio-economic status: she is simply trying to provide for her family and the only crime she commits is the utilization of her gift of tradesmanship. Mother Courages misfortunes are presented as the deaths of her children, which are caused by each individuals sole virtue, so are, in effect, undeserved by Mother Courage. An element of tragedy is removed from the play as Mother Courage does not appear to experience suffering as a result of these losses. However, this does not prevent the evocation of pity from the audience, a key factor of tragedy, as we still perceive her as a consequential victim of the social and economicShow MoreRelatedThe Titular Character Of Mother Courage And Her Children1378 Words   |à ‚  6 PagesThe titular character in Mother Courage and Her Children illuminates an important idea when considering a character’s actions in a time of languishing prosperity. Yet, the characters pivotal actions catalyze the fatality of her three children and in turn represent how morals, in times of survival, waver; the results of tough choices are harsh judgements. Bertolt Brecht, the playwright, uses his innovative approach to theatre to force the audience to detach themselves from their common knowledge ofRead MoreMother Courage And Her Children1186 Words   |  5 PagesMother Courage and her Children is tragic play that highlights the current and after effects of the thirty year war as written by German playwright Bertolt Brecht in 1939. The initial hope with the play was show that mother courage was not the ultimate sympathetic character and that she lead her children to their own demise. A hope that was later cemented in later performances rather than allowing the audien ce to indulge in ideologies they wanted to believe in post war, like perseverance and motherhoodRead MoreAnalysis Of Mother Courage And Her Children 1236 Words   |  5 Pagesstandard, typical, usual, expected and unexceptional among others. 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Bertolt Brecht’s Mother Courage and Her Children is a perfect example of a work that doesn’t leave us in very high spirits but touches us in such a way that it becomes even more powerful than if it had. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Throughout the playRead MoreMother Courage and her Children by Bertolt Brecht Essay1015 Words   |  5 PagesPractice WiT- Mother Courage and her Children Topic: Analysis of war as a business in the play mother courage and her children In Brecht’s play â€Å"Mother Courage and her Children† he makes it clear that he thinks that war is a â€Å"continuation of business by other means†. To him war is not an unnatural occurrence or even a mistake made by society however it is one of societies many preconditions and is an unavoidable occurrence. Given that this is Brecht’s opinion there are several dialogues all depictingRead More Gender in Mother Courage and Her Children and M. Butterfly Essay1804 Words   |  8 PagesComparing Gender in Mother Courage and Her Children and M. Butterfly    The term gender is commonly used to refer to the psychological, cultural, and social characteristics that distinguish the sexes (Cook 1). From the idea of gender such notions as gender bias and stereotyping have developed. Stereotypes have lead society to believe that a male or female should appear, act, or in more philosophical terms, be a certain way. What these gender stereotypes are and, whether or not they reallyRead MoreThe Family Ties in Frankenstein, Metamorphosis and Mother Courage and her Children1914 Words   |  8 Pagesfollow along with. There are many examples of this throughout this course, but this paper will focus on how three of them use the family dynamic to connect with the reader: Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein, Kafka’s Metamorphosis, and Brecht’s Mother Courage and her Children. One does not have to read far into Frankenstein to get a feel for this idea. 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